Fine Dust and Air Pollution: What You Should Know to Stay Safe

Every year, spring in Korea brings yellow dust from China, turning the skies hazy and triggering health alerts. But in recent years, fine dust has become a year-round issue, with warnings now common even in winter. This growing concern has led to a surge in air purifier sales and increased public awareness about air quality.

So, what exactly is fine dust?

Fine dust refers to tiny airborne particles that can be harmful to human health. These particles are categorized by size:

• PM10: Particulate matter less than 10 micrometers in diameter

• PM2.5: Ultrafine particles less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter

PM2.5 is especially dangerous because it’s small enough to penetrate deep into the lungs and even enter the bloodstream. Long-term exposure can lead to respiratory diseases, cardiovascular problems, and developmental issues in children.

Globally, air pollution is a major challenge. Cities like Delhi and Dhaka suffer from severe smog due to vehicle emissions. London’s infamous “London Fog” was actually toxic smog caused by coal burning. In Korea, diesel vehicles are now required to use emission-reducing devices, and the government offers subsidies for scrapping older, high-emission cars.

While fine dust may not be the primary cause of climate change, it contributes to global warming by absorbing sunlight and altering cloud formation. It also affects agriculture, ecosystems, and visibility, making it a multifaceted environmental issue.

To help citizens stay informed, the Korea Meteorological Administration provides daily air quality updates, rating conditions from “Good” to “Very Bad.” You can check your local air quality at .

How to Protect Yourself:

• Use certified air purifiers indoors, especially in bedrooms and living areas.

• Wear KF94 or N95 masks when pollution levels are high.

• Limit outdoor activities during fine dust alerts.

• Keep windows closed and use ventilation systems with filters.

• Wash hands and face after being outside to remove dust particles.

Fine dust is invisible, but its impact is very real. By staying informed and taking preventive measures, you can protect your health and contribute to a cleaner environment. Clean air isn’t just a luxury—it’s a necessity.